Suppressor gene

Suppressor gene

A Suppressor gene is a gene that can suppress the effect of a mutation in another gene. These genes are crucial in the prevention of cancer and other diseases. They are also known as tumor suppressor genes.

Function

Suppressor genes function by controlling cell division and cell death. They can repair DNA damage, control cell adhesion, and inhibit the formation of blood vessels that feed a tumor. When these genes are mutated or lost, cells can grow uncontrollably and form tumors.

Types

There are two types of suppressor genes: gatekeeper genes and caretaker genes. Gatekeeper genes control cell growth and induce apoptosis (cell death) if damage to the DNA cannot be repaired. Caretaker genes ensure the integrity of the genome by repairing DNA damage.

Examples

Some examples of suppressor genes include TP53, BRCA1, BRCA2, APC, NF1, and RB1. Mutations in these genes can lead to various types of cancer.

Role in Cancer

In cancer, suppressor genes are often mutated or lost, leading to uncontrolled cell growth. This is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Mutations in suppressor genes can be inherited (germline mutations) or acquired (somatic mutations).

See Also

• Oncogene
• Proto-oncogene
• Cancer genetics
• Genetic mutation

References

Suppressor gene Resources
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