Supraoptic nucleus

Supraoptic nucleus is a part of the brain that is specifically located in the hypothalamus. It is named for its location, just above (supra) the optic chiasm. It is involved in the production and release of hormones, particularly vasopressin and oxytocin.

Etymology

The term "supraoptic nucleus" is derived from Latin and Greek roots. "Supra" is a Latin prefix meaning "above," "optic" is derived from the Greek "optikos," pertaining to vision, and "nucleus" is from the Latin "nucleus," meaning "kernel" or "core." Thus, the term literally means "the core above the optic."

Function

The supraoptic nucleus is primarily responsible for the production and release of two hormones: vasopressin and oxytocin.

Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), plays a crucial role in maintaining the volume of water in the body. It is released when the body is dehydrated and causes the kidneys to conserve water, thereby preventing excessive water loss through urination.

Oxytocin is a hormone that plays a role in various functions such as childbirth, breastfeeding, and social bonding. It is often referred to as the "love hormone" due to its association with social bonding.

Related Terms

• Hypothalamus: The part of the brain where the supraoptic nucleus is located.
• Optic chiasm: The part of the brain located just below the supraoptic nucleus.
• Vasopressin: A hormone produced and released by the supraoptic nucleus.
• Oxytocin: Another hormone produced and released by the supraoptic nucleus.

See Also

• Paraventricular nucleus
• Neurohypophysis
• Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis

Supraoptic nucleus Resources
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