Surabaya

Suroboyo bus (vector)

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Taman suroboyo

COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Poort bij de Ampel Moskee in de Arabische wijk van Soerabaja TMnr 60037907

Coat of Arms of Surabaya (1931)

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COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De Pasar Besar met op de achtergrond het spoorwegviaduct de zogenoemde Hogeweg Soerabaja TMnr 10014832

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LaSalle 1940 Series 52 Sedan of Brigadier-Mallaby - Burnt Car - 194511

Surabaya is the capital of the East Java province in Indonesia. It is one of the largest cities in the country and plays a pivotal role in the nation's commercial and industrial activities. Known for its vibrant culture, historical significance, and economic prowess, Surabaya has been a central point in Indonesia's development over the years.

History

Surabaya's history dates back to the Kingdom of Majapahit, with its strategic location making it a crucial area for trade and commerce. The city's name is believed to derive from the Javanese words "suro," meaning shark, and "boyo," meaning crocodile, which are animals of significant folklore in the region. Over the centuries, Surabaya has witnessed numerous battles and has been under the rule of various colonial powers, including the Dutch East Indies. The Battle of Surabaya in 1945 is particularly notable, as it was a pivotal moment in the Indonesian National Revolution against Dutch rule.

Geography

Surabaya is located on the northeastern border of Java Island, along the Madura Strait. It has a tropical wet and dry climate, with distinct wet and dry seasons. The city's geography has played a vital role in its development as a major port in Indonesia.

Economy

The economy of Surabaya is diverse, with significant contributions from manufacturing, shipping, and trade. The city is home to the Port of Tanjung Perak, one of Indonesia's busiest ports, facilitating both domestic and international trade. Surabaya is also known for its shipbuilding and fishing industries, as well as a growing tourism sector.

Culture

Surabaya's culture is a blend of indigenous Javanese, Madurese, and Chinese influences. This multicultural mix is reflected in the city's cuisine, architecture, and festivals. Traditional arts such as batik and puppetry are celebrated, and the city hosts various cultural events throughout the year.

Education

The city is an educational hub in Eastern Java, hosting several prestigious universities and institutions. Airlangga University and Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology are among the top universities in Surabaya, offering a wide range of programs and contributing to research and development in various fields.

Transportation

Surabaya is well-connected by land, sea, and air. The city's public transportation system includes buses, commuter trains, and a rapid transit system known as the Surabaya Mass Rapid Transit (MRT). Juanda International Airport serves as a major gateway for both domestic and international flights.

Tourism

Surabaya offers a variety of attractions for tourists, including historical sites, parks, and shopping centers. The Heroes Monument, Surabaya Zoo, and the Submarine Monument are among the city's most visited landmarks. Additionally, Surabaya serves as a gateway to Mount Bromo, one of Indonesia's most famous volcanoes.

Challenges

Despite its economic growth and development, Surabaya faces challenges such as urban congestion, pollution, and the need for sustainable urban planning. Efforts are being made to address these issues and improve the quality of life for its residents.