TIA

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by loss of blood flow (ischemia) in the brain, spinal cord, or retina, without tissue death (infarction). TIAs have the same underlying cause as strokes: a disruption of cerebral blood flow (CBF), and are often referred to as mini-strokes.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms of a TIA are similar to that of stroke, but only last for a short amount of time and do not leave lasting damage. They can include: confusion, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination, difficulty walking, sudden severe headache, and paralysis or numbness in the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body.

Causes[edit | edit source]

The main cause of a TIA is a blockage in the blood vessels that supply the brain. This can be due to a clot in the blood vessel or a buildup of fatty deposits.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of a TIA is often based on the patient's medical history, a physical exam, and diagnostic tests. These can include: a neurological exam, blood tests, a CT or MRI scan, carotid ultrasonography, an echocardiogram, or an arteriography.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for a TIA depends on the cause of the attack. It can include medications to prevent clots or to manage other conditions that increase the risk of TIA, such as high blood pressure or diabetes. In some cases, surgery may be needed to remove the blockage in the blood vessels.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

While a TIA doesn't cause permanent damage, it is a serious warning sign of a possible future stroke. About 1 in 3 people who have a TIA will have a stroke.

References[edit | edit source]

TIA Resources
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