Tanker

Tanker

A tanker is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk. Major types of tankship include the oil tanker, the chemical tanker, and the liquefied natural gas carrier.

History

The need for tankers grew with the international trade in petroleum which began in the latter half of the 19th century. The first oil tanker was the SS Zoroaster, which carried its cargo in two iron tanks, testing the method of transport and storage.

Design and structure

Tankers are designed to carry large volumes of cargo in their hull. The hull is divided into separate compartments by bulkheads. Each compartment is known as a tank and can carry a different grade of cargo. The cargo is loaded and unloaded through large valves known as butterfly valves.

Safety and regulation

Tankers are subject to stringent safety regulations due to the potential for catastrophic accidents. These regulations are set by international bodies such as the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the United Nations (UN).

Environmental impact

Tankers can have a significant environmental impact, particularly when they are involved in spills. The Exxon Valdez oil spill and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill are two of the most notable examples of tanker-related environmental disasters.

See also

• Bulk carrier
• Container ship
• List of tankers