Tapayan

Traditional Filipino earthenware jar

Traditional earthenware pots

A tapayan is a large traditional earthenware jar from the Philippines, used historically for a variety of purposes including storage, fermentation, and burial. These jars are an integral part of Filipino cultural heritage and are known for their distinctive shapes and designs.

History

The use of tapayan dates back to pre-colonial times in the Philippines. These jars were initially used by indigenous peoples for storing water, rice, and other foodstuffs. Over time, they became associated with the burial practices of ancient Filipinos, particularly in the form of burial jars.

The Manunggul Jar, a burial jar from the Tabon Caves

One of the most famous examples of a burial jar is the Manunggul Jar, which was discovered in the Tabon Caves of Palawan. This jar is notable for its intricate design and the depiction of a boat with two human figures on its lid, symbolizing the journey to the afterlife.

Design and Construction

Tapayan are typically made from local clay, which is shaped and then fired in a kiln. The design of these jars can vary significantly, with some featuring simple, utilitarian shapes, while others are adorned with intricate patterns and motifs.

Various designs of tapayan

The process of making a tapayan involves several steps, including the preparation of the clay, shaping the jar on a potter's wheel or by hand, and finally, firing it at high temperatures to harden the clay. The surface of the jar may be left unglazed or coated with a slip to give it a smooth finish.

Uses

Tapayan have been used for a variety of purposes throughout history. In addition to their role in burial practices, they have been used for:

• Storage: Tapayan are ideal for storing grains, water, and other foodstuffs due to their size and durability.
• Fermentation: These jars are commonly used in the fermentation of bagoong, a traditional Filipino fish sauce, and other fermented products.
• Decoration: In modern times, tapayan are often used as decorative pieces in homes and gardens.

Cultural Significance

The tapayan holds a significant place in Filipino culture, symbolizing both the practical and spiritual aspects of daily life. They are often seen as a connection to the past, representing the ingenuity and artistry of ancient Filipino potters.

Secondary burial jars

Related Pages

• Manunggul Jar
• Philippine pottery
• Burial jar
• Bagoong