Tegillarca granosa

Tegillarca granosa is a species of bivalve belonging to the family Arcidae. This species is also commonly known as the Blood Cockle or Blood Clam because of the red haemoglobin liquid inside the soft tissues. It is a popular seafood in Southeast Asia and is consumed in many other parts of the world.

Description

Tegillarca granosa is a relatively large bivalve species, with a maximum shell length of approximately 5 cm. The shell is solid and heavy, with a rounded shape and a slightly inflated appearance. The exterior of the shell is typically a dull grey or brown colour, while the interior is often a shiny white or cream colour.

Distribution and Habitat

Tegillarca granosa is widely distributed in the coastal areas of the Indo-Pacific region, including the coasts of India, Southeast Asia, Japan, and northern Australia. It inhabits intertidal zones and prefers sandy or muddy substrates. The species is tolerant of a wide range of salinities and temperatures, which contributes to its wide distribution.

Ecology and Behaviour

Tegillarca granosa is a filter feeder, extracting plankton and other small organisms from the water column. It is also known to be a deposit feeder, ingesting sediment and extracting organic matter. The species has a relatively slow growth rate and a long lifespan, with individuals known to live for up to 30 years.

Human Use

Tegillarca granosa is harvested for food in many parts of its range. It is a popular seafood in Southeast Asia, where it is often steamed, boiled, or used in soups. However, the species has been associated with several foodborne illnesses, due to its habit of ingesting sediment and the potential for bioaccumulation of harmful substances.

Conservation

While Tegillarca granosa is not currently listed as threatened or endangered, overharvesting and habitat degradation pose significant threats to the species. Efforts are being made to manage and conserve populations of this species, including the establishment of protected areas and the implementation of sustainable harvesting practices.

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