Tenor

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Tenor

Tenor is a type of classical male singing voice whose vocal range lies between the countertenor and baritone voice types. The tenor is the highest male voice within the modal register, and it typically extends from the C one octave below middle C (C3) to the B above middle C (B4). In some operatic roles, tenors are required to sing up to the C above middle C (C5), known as the "tenor high C."

Characteristics

The tenor voice is characterized by its bright and powerful quality, often described as "ringing" or "brilliant." Tenors are often cast in leading roles in operas and musicals due to their ability to project over an orchestra and convey a wide range of emotions.

Vocal Range

The typical tenor range is from C3 to B4, but some tenors can sing higher or lower. The tenor voice is divided into several subcategories based on vocal weight, timbre, and range:

• Lyric Tenor: Known for a warm, bright tone and a range that typically extends from C3 to D5. Lyric tenors often sing roles that require a sweet, expressive quality.
• Dramatic Tenor: Possesses a more powerful, robust voice capable of singing over a large orchestra. The range is similar to that of a lyric tenor but with more volume and strength.
• Heldentenor: A heroic tenor voice with a rich, dark timbre and a range that can extend from B2 to C5. This voice type is often associated with Wagnerian opera.
• Spinto Tenor: A voice that combines the brightness of a lyric tenor with the power of a dramatic tenor, suitable for roles that require both lyrical and dramatic singing.

Roles in Opera

Tenors often play the hero or romantic lead in operas. Some of the most famous tenor roles include:

• Rodolfo in La Bohème by Giacomo Puccini
• Alfredo in La Traviata by Giuseppe Verdi
• Don José in Carmen by Georges Bizet
• Calaf in Turandot by Giacomo Puccini

Famous Tenors

Throughout history, many tenors have achieved fame for their vocal abilities and performances. Some of the most renowned tenors include:

• Enrico Caruso
• Luciano Pavarotti
• Plácido Domingo
• José Carreras

Training and Technique

Training to become a tenor involves developing a strong vocal technique, including breath control, resonance, and diction. Tenors must also learn to navigate the passaggio, the transition area between vocal registers, to achieve a seamless sound throughout their range.

Also see

• Baritone
• Bass (voice type)
• Countertenor
• Soprano
• Mezzo-soprano