Tewhatewha

Tukukino, by Lindauer

Tewhatewha is a traditional Māori weapon that resembles a long-handled axe. It is one of the many types of Māori weapons that were used in pre-colonial New Zealand, known in the Māori language as Aotearoa. The tewhatewha is not just a weapon of war; it also serves as a symbol of leadership and authority, often carried by Māori chiefs during ceremonial occasions.

Design and Features

The tewhatewha has a distinctive design, featuring a long wooden shaft, which is usually around 1.5 to 1.8 meters in length. At one end of the shaft, there is a broad, axe-like blade made from hardwood or sometimes whalebone. The blade is not designed for slicing or cutting in the manner of a traditional axe but is instead used for striking and jabbing. Opposite the blade, the shaft ends in a pointed spike, which can be used as a secondary weapon. The shaft is often intricately carved with traditional Māori motifs, reflecting the status and mana (prestige, power) of its owner.

Usage

In combat, the tewhatewha was primarily used as a weapon of impact, with the warrior swinging it to strike opponents with the broad side of the blade or jabbing with the pointed end. However, its use was not limited to physical combat. The tewhatewha also played a role in Māori warfare tactics and communication. During battles, chiefs could use it to signal their warriors, using both visual cues and the sound it could produce when struck against the ground or another object, which could be heard over long distances.

Cultural Significance

The tewhatewha holds significant cultural importance within Māori society. It is more than just a weapon; it is a taonga (treasure) that symbolizes leadership, authority, and the martial prowess of a chief. These weapons are often passed down through generations as heirlooms, carrying the history and mana of their previous owners. The tewhatewha is also featured in various Māori ceremonies and rituals, where it is displayed as a symbol of chieftainship.

Preservation and Display

Today, tewhatewha are preserved as cultural artifacts in museums around the world, where they are studied and admired for their craftsmanship, beauty, and historical significance. They are also still made and used by Māori people in cultural practices, maintaining the skills and traditions of their ancestors.

See Also

• Māori culture
• Taiaha
• Mere
• Waka