Text messaging

SMS composition on feature phone

Text messaging is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile devices, desktops/laptops, or other types of compatible devices. Text messages may be sent over a cellular network or via an Internet connection.

History

Text messaging, also known as SMS (Short Message Service), was first developed in the 1980s. The first text message was sent on December 3, 1992, by Neil Papworth, a test engineer for Sema Group, from his personal computer to Richard Jarvis of Vodafone. The message read "Merry Christmas."

Technology

Text messaging relies on the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network, which allows for the transmission of short messages. The standard length of a text message is 160 characters. If a message exceeds this limit, it is typically broken into multiple messages.

SMS

SMS is the most common form of text messaging. It uses standardized communication protocols to enable mobile devices to exchange short text messages.

MMS

Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) extends the core SMS capability, allowing the exchange of multimedia content such as images, audio, and video.

Usage

Text messaging is widely used for personal, business, and social communication. It is a convenient way to send quick messages without the need for a phone call.

Personal Communication

Individuals use text messaging to stay in touch with friends and family, share updates, and coordinate plans.

Business Communication

Businesses use text messaging for customer service, marketing, and internal communication. It is an effective way to reach customers quickly and efficiently.

Impact

Text messaging has had a significant impact on communication, making it faster and more convenient. It has also influenced language, with the creation of text-specific abbreviations and emoticons.

Related Technologies

• Instant messaging
• Email
• Social media

See Also

• Mobile phone
• Telecommunication
• Smartphone
• Internet