The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Deijman

Dr Deijman%E2%80%99s Anatomy Lesson (fragment), by Rembrandt

The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Deijman is a 1656 painting by the Dutch artist Rembrandt. It depicts an anatomical dissection by Dr. Jan Deijman. This painting is particularly notable as it is one of the few works by Rembrandt that focuses on the theme of scientific education and the practice of dissection in the 17th century. Unlike his earlier work, The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, this painting showcases a moment partway through a dissection, providing a more dynamic and detailed view of the human body and the scientific process of the time.

Background

Dr. Jan Deijman (1619–1666) was a prominent Amsterdam physician and anatomist who became particularly well-known after being appointed as the city's official anatomist in 1653. His work involved public dissections that served both educational and scientific purposes, highlighting the growing interest in human anatomy and medicine during the Dutch Golden Age. The dissection depicted in Rembrandt's painting was likely one of these public demonstrations, which were common practice among medical professionals of the era to advance their understanding of human anatomy.

Description

The painting originally measured approximately 100 x 134 cm, but a significant portion was lost to fire in 1723, leaving only a fragment of the original work. What remains shows Dr. Deijman dissecting the brain of the cadaver, with several onlookers closely observing the procedure. This focus on the brain was less common in art of the period, which often depicted more general or full-body dissections. Rembrandt's use of lighting emphasizes the operation area, drawing the viewer's attention to the hands of Dr. Deijman and the exposed brain of the cadaver.

Significance

The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Deijman is significant for several reasons. Firstly, it provides historical insight into the practice of dissection and the study of anatomy in the 17th century. Secondly, it reflects the societal and scientific interests of the Dutch Golden Age, a period marked by significant advancements in art, science, and commerce. Lastly, from an artistic perspective, the painting is an example of Rembrandt's mastery in portraying complex human emotions and the use of light and shadow, known as chiaroscuro, to highlight focal points in his compositions.

Preservation and Legacy

The surviving fragment of The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Deijman is housed in the Amsterdam Museum, where it continues to be an object of study for both art historians and medical professionals. Despite its damaged state, the painting remains an important work in the oeuvre of Rembrandt and a valuable piece of medical history. It serves as a reminder of the close relationship between art and science, particularly in the context of the Dutch Golden Age.

See Also

• Rembrandt
• The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp
• History of Anatomy
• Dutch Golden Age