Theca lutein cell

Theca lutein cell is a type of cell found in the ovary of female mammals, including humans. These cells play a crucial role in the reproductive system, particularly in the production of hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.

Function

Theca lutein cells are part of the corpus luteum, a temporary endocrine structure in female ovaries that is involved in the production of relatively high levels of progesterone. Progesterone is a key hormone in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Theca lutein cells also produce androgens, which are then converted into estrogens by the neighboring granulosa cells.

Structure

Theca lutein cells are located in the outer layer of the corpus luteum and are characterized by their round or oval shape. They are surrounded by a basement membrane and have a high number of lipid droplets in their cytoplasm.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in the function or number of theca lutein cells can lead to a variety of reproductive disorders. For example, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with an overproduction of androgens by the theca lutein cells. This can lead to irregular menstrual cycles and infertility.

See also

• Corpus luteum
• Granulosa cell
• Polycystic ovary syndrome