Thermal conductivity
Thermal Conductivity
Thermal conductivity is a property of matter that describes its ability to conduct heat. It is denoted by the symbol k or λ. In the International System of Units (SI), thermal conductivity is measured in watts per meter-kelvin (W/(m·K)).
Definition[edit | edit source]
Thermal conductivity is defined as the quantity of heat, Q, transmitted through a thickness, L, in a direction normal to a surface of area, A, due to a temperature gradient, ΔT, under steady state conditions and when the heat transfer is dependent only on the temperature gradient.
Determination[edit | edit source]
Thermal conductivity is usually determined by the Fourier's Law for heat conduction. The law states that the time rate of heat transfer through a material is proportional to the negative gradient in the temperature and the area, at right angles to that gradient, through which the heat flows.
Factors Affecting Thermal Conductivity[edit | edit source]
Several factors can affect the thermal conductivity of a material. These include the material's phase (whether it is solid, liquid, or gas), its temperature, its density, and its molecular bonding.
Applications[edit | edit source]
Thermal conductivity is an important property in many practical applications, including the design of heat exchangers, heat sinks, and insulation materials.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD