Thermocouple

Thermocouple

A Thermocouple is a type of temperature sensor used to measure temperature differential. It consists of two different types of metals, joined together at one end. When the junction of the two metals is heated or cooled, a voltage is created that can be correlated back to the temperature.

History

The thermocouple was first discovered in 1821 by the German scientist Thomas Johann Seebeck, who found that if any portion of a circuit of a single metal is heated, there is a direct current (DC) electric current in the circuit. This is now known as the Seebeck effect.

Types of Thermocouples

There are several types of thermocouples, each with its own unique characteristics in terms of temperature range, durability, vibration resistance, and application compatibility. Type J, K, T, & E are “Base Metal” thermocouples, the most common types of thermocouples. Type R, S, and B thermocouples are “Noble Metal” thermocouples, which are used in high temperature applications.

Applications

Thermocouples are widely used in science and industry; applications include temperature measurement for kilns, gas turbine exhaust, diesel engines, and other industrial processes. Thermocouples are also used in homes, offices and businesses as the temperature sensors in thermostats, and also as flame sensors in safety devices for gas-powered appliances.

See Also

• Thermistor
• Resistance thermometer
• Pyrometer

References

Thermocouple Resources
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