Embolectomy

Surgical removal of an embolus

Embolectomy

Illustration of an embolectomy procedure using an AngioJet device.

An embolectomy is a surgical procedure aimed at removing an embolus that is blocking blood flow in an artery. This procedure is critical in restoring circulation and preventing tissue damage or necrosis due to lack of blood supply.

Indications

Embolectomy is typically indicated in cases where an embolus has caused a sudden blockage in a major artery, leading to acute ischemia. Common sites for embolectomy include the pulmonary artery, femoral artery, and brachial artery.

Procedure

The procedure involves making an incision over the affected artery and using specialized instruments to extract the embolus. The most common technique is the use of a Fogarty catheter, which is inserted past the embolus, inflated, and then withdrawn, pulling the embolus with it. In some cases, more advanced devices like the AngioJet, depicted in the image, are used to break up and remove the embolus.

Complications

Potential complications of embolectomy include bleeding, infection, and damage to the artery. There is also a risk of re-embolization if the source of the embolus is not addressed.

Recovery

Post-operative care involves monitoring for signs of reperfusion injury and ensuring adequate blood flow is restored. Patients may require anticoagulation therapy to prevent further embolic events.

Related pages

• Thrombectomy
• Pulmonary embolism
• Ischemia
• Vascular surgery