Reperfusion injury
Reperfusion Injury
Reperfusion Injury refers to the paradoxical tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue (reperfusion) after a period of ischemia (lack of oxygen). This condition is characterized by functional, metabolic, or structural changes in the ischemic tissues.
Pathophysiology
Reperfusion injury involves complex biological reactions including:
- Cellular swelling and inflammation
- Hemorrhage
- Necrosis (tissue death)
- Oxidative stress from free radicals, which can further damage cells
Common Instances
The most prevalent instance of reperfusion injury is:
- Myocardial reperfusion injury: Occurs when blood flow is restored to the heart after a heart attack.
Complications
Complications of reperfusion injury can significantly impact recovery and overall outcomes, particularly in acute myocardial infarction and stroke.
Treatment and Management
Treatment focuses on minimizing tissue damage and may include:
- Controlled reperfusion strategies
- Use of antioxidants and other drugs to mitigate oxidative stress
- Surgical interventions in severe cases
External Links
- American Heart Association - Myocardial Reperfusion Injury
- National Center for Biotechnology Information - Reperfusion Injury
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