Tolevamer

Tolevamer is a non-absorbable, non-antibiotic polymer that is used in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). It works by binding to the toxins produced by the bacterium, thereby neutralizing them and preventing them from causing damage to the intestines.

Mechanism of Action

Tolevamer is a high molecular weight, anionic polymer that binds to and neutralizes the toxins produced by Clostridium difficile. These toxins, known as toxin A and toxin B, are responsible for the symptoms of CDI, including diarrhea and colitis. By binding to these toxins, tolevamer prevents them from interacting with the cells of the intestinal lining, thereby preventing the damage and inflammation that they cause.

Clinical Use

Tolevamer is used in the treatment of CDI, a condition that is often associated with the use of antibiotics. Antibiotics can disrupt the normal balance of bacteria in the gut, allowing Clostridium difficile to proliferate and produce toxins. Tolevamer is used in cases where other treatments, such as metronidazole or vancomycin, are not effective or cannot be used.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of tolevamer are gastrointestinal in nature and include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Less common side effects can include fever, headache, and dizziness.

Pharmacokinetics

As a non-absorbable polymer, tolevamer is not absorbed into the systemic circulation. It remains in the gut where it can bind to Clostridium difficile toxins. After administration, it is excreted in the feces.

Research

Research into the use of tolevamer for the treatment of CDI has shown that it is less effective than metronidazole or vancomycin. However, it may be a useful alternative in cases where these drugs cannot be used.

See Also

• Clostridium difficile infection
• Antibiotics
• Metronidazole
• Vancomycin