Topical fluoride

Topical Fluoride

Error creating thumbnail:

Charcoal toothpaste, a product sometimes used alongside fluoride treatments.

Topical fluoride refers to the application of fluoride directly to the surface of the teeth to help prevent dental caries (tooth decay). This method of fluoride application is distinct from systemic fluoride, which is ingested and incorporated into developing teeth.

Mechanism of Action

Topical fluoride works primarily by enhancing the remineralization of enamel and inhibiting the demineralization process. When fluoride is present in the oral environment, it becomes incorporated into the enamel, forming a more acid-resistant mineral called fluorapatite. This process helps to repair early stages of tooth decay and strengthens the teeth against future acid attacks.

Sources of Topical Fluoride

Topical fluoride can be found in various dental products, including:

• Toothpaste: Most commercial toothpastes contain fluoride, which is a key ingredient in preventing cavities.
• Mouthwash: Fluoride mouth rinses are available over-the-counter and by prescription, providing an additional source of topical fluoride.
• Professional Treatments: Dentists may apply fluoride varnishes, gels, or foams during routine dental visits.

Benefits

The use of topical fluoride has been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of dental caries. Regular use of fluoride toothpaste and professional fluoride treatments can help maintain oral health and prevent the progression of early carious lesions.

Risks and Considerations

Dental caries, which topical fluoride helps to prevent.

While topical fluoride is generally safe and effective, excessive exposure can lead to dental fluorosis, a condition characterized by changes in the appearance of the tooth enamel. Dental fluorosis is more commonly associated with systemic fluoride intake, but it can occur with excessive use of topical fluoride products in young children.

Mild dental fluorosis.

Related Pages

• Fluoride therapy
• Dental caries
• Fluoridation
• Oral hygiene

References

• Marinho, V. C. C., Higgins, J. P. T., Logan, S., & Sheiham, A. (2003). Fluoride toothpastes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
• Featherstone, J. D. B. (2000). The science and practice of caries prevention. Journal of the American Dental Association.

• 

  Topical fluoride

• 

  Topical fluoride

• 

  Topical fluoride

• 

  Topical fluoride