Traffic stop

Traffic stop is a procedure that typically occurs when a law enforcement officer pulls over a motor vehicle due to a suspected violation of traffic law. Traffic stops are a common part of law enforcement duties worldwide and can result in a variety of outcomes, from a simple warning to a citation or arrest.

Procedure

A traffic stop is usually initiated when an officer observes a violation of traffic laws. The officer signals the driver to pull over, often using a combination of visual and auditory signals such as flashing lights and sirens. Once the vehicle is stopped, the officer will approach and ask for the driver's license, vehicle registration, and proof of vehicle insurance. The officer may then issue a warning or citation based on the observed violation.

Legal aspects

In many jurisdictions, a traffic stop is considered a seizure under Fourth Amendment law, and thus must be supported by reasonable suspicion or probable cause. The officer must have a valid reason to believe that a traffic law has been violated. In the United States, the legal principles governing traffic stops are primarily outlined in the Supreme Court cases Delaware v. Prouse, Whren v. United States, and Terry v. Ohio.

Controversies

Traffic stops have been the subject of controversy and litigation, particularly in the United States, due to issues such as racial profiling, police misconduct, and the legality of certain search and seizure practices. The American Civil Liberties Union and other advocacy groups have called for reforms to traffic stop procedures to address these issues.

See also

• Road traffic safety
• Traffic ticket
• Sobriety checkpoint