Transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR), also known as Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI), is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that replaces the aortic valve in the heart without the need for open-heart surgery. This procedure is typically used for patients who are at high risk for traditional open-heart surgery due to age or other health conditions.

Procedure

The TAVR procedure involves the insertion of a catheter into the patient's body, usually through the femoral artery in the leg. The catheter is then guided to the heart, where a replacement valve is deployed. The new valve begins functioning immediately, taking over the role of the damaged or diseased aortic valve.

Indications

TAVR is typically indicated for patients with severe aortic stenosis who are considered high risk for traditional open-heart surgery. This includes patients who are elderly, have multiple comorbidities, or have had previous heart surgeries.

Risks and Complications

While TAVR is less invasive than traditional open-heart surgery, it is not without risks. Potential complications include stroke, vascular complications, and the need for a permanent pacemaker. Long-term durability of the valve is also a concern.

History

The first TAVR procedure was performed in 2002 by Dr. Alain Cribier in France. Since then, the procedure has been refined and improved, with newer generation valves and delivery systems reducing the risk of complications.

See Also

• Cardiology
• Cardiac Surgery
• Aortic Stenosis
• Minimally Invasive Surgery