Transverse ligament

Transverse ligament is a significant anatomical structure in the human body, specifically within the vertebral column. It is a robust band that extends transversely across the ring of the atlas and holds the dens of the axis against the anterior arch of the atlas.

Anatomy

The transverse ligament divides the ring of the atlas into two unequal parts. The anterior, smaller part serves as a housing for the dens, while the posterior, larger part accommodates the spinal cord. The ligament is broader and thicker in the middle than at the ends, and its anterior surface is convex.

Function

The primary function of the transverse ligament is to secure the dens of the axis to the anterior arch of the atlas, allowing for rotation of the head. It also prevents excessive movement of the dens, protecting the spinal cord from damage.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the transverse ligament can lead to atlantoaxial instability, a condition that can cause severe neck pain and neurological deficits due to the compression of the spinal cord. This condition can be caused by trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, or congenital defects. Diagnosis is typically made through radiographic imaging, and treatment may involve surgical intervention.

See Also

• Vertebral column
• Ring of the atlas
• Dens of the axis
• Anterior arch of the atlas
• Spinal cord
• Atlantoaxial instability
• Rheumatoid arthritis