Tributyl phosphate

Tributyl phosphate, or TBP, is a phosphorus compound with the chemical formula (C4H9)3PO4. It is a colorless, odorless liquid that is used in various industries for its properties as a solvent and plasticizer.

Chemical Properties

Tributyl phosphate is a phosphate ester derived from phosphoric acid and butanol. It is a non-volatile, non-flammable liquid at room temperature. It is slightly soluble in water and highly soluble in organic solvents. It has a high boiling point of 289°C and a melting point of -80°C.

Production

Tributyl phosphate is produced by the reaction of phosphoric acid with butanol in the presence of a catalyst such as sulfuric acid. The reaction is exothermic and produces water as a byproduct.

Uses

Tributyl phosphate has a wide range of uses in various industries. It is used as a solvent in the extraction and purification of rare earth metals. It is also used as a plasticizer in the production of PVC and other polymers. In addition, it is used as a defoaming agent in the production of paper and textiles, and as a heat exchange medium in nuclear reactors.

Safety

Tributyl phosphate is considered to be of low toxicity. However, it can cause irritation to the skin and eyes, and prolonged exposure can lead to more serious health effects. It is not considered to be a carcinogen, but it can cause damage to the liver and kidneys if ingested in large amounts.

Environmental Impact

Tributyl phosphate is not considered to be a significant environmental hazard. It is not readily biodegradable, but it does not bioaccumulate in the environment. It is not considered to be harmful to aquatic life.

See Also

• Phosphoric Acid
• Butanol
• Phosphate Ester
• PVC
• Rare Earth Metals