Trichocereus macrogonus var. pachanoi

Trichocereus macrogonus var. pachanoi is a variety of cactus that has garnered attention for its unique characteristics and its relationship to the more widely known San Pedro cactus (Echinopsis pachanoi). This variety is part of the Cactaceae family, which encompasses a wide range of cactus species known for their diverse forms and adaptations to arid environments.

Description

Trichocereus macrogonus var. pachanoi is characterized by its columnar growth habit, reaching heights that can surpass several meters. The cactus is green in color, with ribs running vertically along its length. These ribs are adorned with areoles from which spines emerge. The spines can vary in length and number, but they typically are less dense than those found on other Trichocereus species. This variety is also known for its large, nocturnal flowers, which are white and highly fragrant, attracting pollinators such as bats and moths during the night.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

The taxonomy of Trichocereus macrogonus var. pachanoi has been a subject of debate among botanists. It was originally classified as a variety of Trichocereus macrogonus but is often closely associated or even synonymized with Echinopsis pachanoi. The reclassification of many Trichocereus species into the Echinopsis genus has further complicated its nomenclature. The distinction between this variety and the typical Echinopsis pachanoi lies in subtle morphological differences, which are significant enough for some experts to maintain its status as a distinct variety.

Distribution and Habitat

This cactus variety is native to the Andean region of South America, where it grows at high altitudes. It is adapted to arid conditions, thriving in areas with well-drained soils and direct sunlight. The natural habitat of Trichocereus macrogonus var. pachanoi spans various countries along the Andes, including Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador.

Cultivation and Uses

Trichocereus macrogonus var. pachanoi is cultivated not only for its ornamental value but also for its ethnobotanical significance. Like the San Pedro cactus, it has been used in traditional Andean medicine and shamanic practices for its psychoactive properties. The cactus contains alkaloids such as mescaline, which is responsible for its hallucinogenic effects. In cultivation, it requires conditions that mimic its natural habitat, including high light levels, low humidity, and temperatures that do not drop below freezing.

Conservation

The conservation status of Trichocereus macrogonus var. pachanoi has not been extensively studied, but like many cacti, it faces threats from habitat loss and overcollection. Conservation efforts are necessary to ensure the survival of this and other cactus species in their natural habitats, promoting sustainable harvesting practices and habitat protection.