Trimagnesium phosphate

Magnesium phosphate tribasic

Trimagnesium phosphate is an inorganic compound that consists of magnesium and phosphate ions. Its chemical formula is Mg3(PO4)2. This compound is part of a broader category of magnesium phosphates, which includes various forms such as monomagnesium phosphate (Mg(H2PO4)2) and dimagnesium phosphate (MgHPO4). Trimagnesium phosphate is used in several applications, including as a food additive, in ceramics, and in the preparation of certain types of glass.

Properties

Trimagnesium phosphate appears as a white powder that is insoluble in water but can dissolve in acids. This property makes it useful in situations where a slow release of phosphate is needed, as in certain agricultural applications. The compound has a high melting point, which contributes to its stability under various conditions.

Production

Trimagnesium phosphate is typically produced through a chemical reaction involving a magnesium source, such as magnesium oxide (MgO) or magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), and a phosphate source, like phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The specific conditions, such as temperature and pH, can be adjusted to favor the formation of trimagnesium phosphate over other magnesium phosphate compounds.

Applications

Food Industry

In the food industry, trimagnesium phosphate is used as an emulsifier, anticaking agent, and nutritional supplement. It is recognized as safe by food safety authorities and is assigned the food additive code E343iii. Its ability to prevent clumping makes it valuable in powdered products, while its magnesium content can contribute to the nutritional value of fortified foods and supplements.

Ceramics and Glass

Trimagnesium phosphate finds applications in the production of ceramics and certain types of glass. Its thermal stability and chemical properties can improve the strength and durability of these materials. In ceramics, it can act as a flux, helping to control the melting temperature of the mixture and influencing the final product's properties.

Agriculture

In agriculture, trimagnesium phosphate is used as a slow-release source of magnesium and phosphorus, two essential nutrients for plant growth. This application takes advantage of the compound's low solubility in water, ensuring that the nutrients are available over an extended period rather than being washed away by rain or irrigation.

Health and Safety

As with many chemical compounds, handling trimagnesium phosphate requires appropriate safety measures. While it is generally considered safe for use in food and other applications, inhaling dust or powder should be avoided, and direct contact with the skin and eyes should be minimized.

See Also

• Magnesium phosphate
• Phosphoric acid
• Food additive
• Ceramics
• Glass