Trioxsalen

Trioxsalen

Trioxsalen is a furocoumarin and a psoralen derivative. It is used in combination with ultraviolet light in the treatment of vitiligo and psoriasis, a process known as PUVA therapy.

Chemistry

Trioxsalen is a synthetic tricyclic compound and is one of several furocoumarin derivatives used in PUVA therapy. It is structurally related to psoralen, but contains three oxygen atoms (hence the prefix 'trioxs') instead of two.

Mechanism of Action

Trioxsalen works by intercalating into the DNA of skin cells, forming covalent bonds with the DNA upon exposure to ultra violet (UV) light. This process, known as photoaddition, results in the formation of monoadducts and crosslinks that can inhibit DNA replication and transcription, leading to cell death. This is particularly effective in rapidly dividing cells, such as those found in psoriatic plaques.

Uses

Trioxsalen is used in PUVA therapy, a treatment for skin conditions such as psoriasis, vitiligo, and eczema. The patient takes trioxsalen orally or applies it topically, then exposes the affected skin to UVA light. This causes the skin cells to die off, reducing the symptoms of these conditions.

Side Effects

Common side effects of trioxsalen include nausea, headache, and itching. More serious side effects can include severe burns from the UVA light and an increased risk of skin cancer.

See Also

• Psoralen
• Furocoumarin
• PUVA therapy