Tropical cyclones in Indonesia

Flores 1973-04-28

Tropical cyclones in Indonesia

Map of Indonesia

Tropical cyclones in Indonesia are relatively rare due to the country's location near the equator, where the Coriolis effect is minimal. However, Indonesia can still experience the effects of tropical cyclones that form in the surrounding regions, particularly in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.

Formation and Path

Tropical cyclones typically form in regions where the sea surface temperature is above 26.5°C (80°F), and there is sufficient atmospheric instability. In the Southern Hemisphere, cyclones generally form between November and April. The Australian region cyclone season and the South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season are the primary periods when cyclones can affect Indonesia.

Impact on Indonesia

While Indonesia is not frequently hit directly by tropical cyclones, the country can experience heavy rainfall, strong winds, and flooding as a result of nearby cyclones. These weather events can lead to significant damage to infrastructure, agriculture, and can cause loss of life.

Notable Cyclones

• Cyclone Cempaka (2017) - One of the few cyclones to directly impact Indonesia, causing severe flooding and landslides in Java.
• Cyclone Seroja (2021) - Affected parts of East Nusa Tenggara, leading to widespread destruction and fatalities.

Preparedness and Response

Indonesia's Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) is responsible for monitoring and issuing warnings about tropical cyclones. The agency uses satellite data and weather models to predict the path and intensity of cyclones. The National Disaster Management Authority (BNPB) coordinates the response efforts, including evacuation and relief operations.

Climate Change and Future Trends

Climate change is expected to influence the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones globally. While the exact impact on Indonesia remains uncertain, there is potential for increased rainfall and more severe weather events associated with cyclones.

See Also

• Climate of Indonesia
• Natural disasters in Indonesia
• Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency
• National Disaster Management Authority