Ulmus americana

Ulmus americana, commonly known as the American elm or white elm, is a species of elm native to eastern North America. It is an extremely hardy tree that can withstand winter temperatures as low as −42 °C (−44 °F).

Description

The American elm is a deciduous tree, typically growing to 20–35 m (66–115 ft) tall with a trunk up to 2 m (6.6 ft) diameter. The bark is dark gray, and the leaves are alternate, 7–20 cm long, with double-serrate margins and an oblique base.

Distribution and habitat

The American elm is native to eastern North America, naturally occurring from Nova Scotia west to Alberta and Montana, and south to Florida and central Texas. It is also found in the Rocky Mountains and the Grand Canyon. The tree is tolerant of a variety of soil and moisture conditions.

Uses

The wood of the American elm is very hard and was extensively used for making wagon wheels and hockey sticks. It is also used in furniture and flooring due to its durability and attractive grain.

Conservation

The American elm has been severely affected by the Dutch elm disease, a fungal disease which has killed millions of elm trees in North America and Europe. Efforts are being made to breed disease-resistant varieties of the tree.

See also

• List of elm diseases
• Elm yellows
• Elm leaf beetle

References

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