Ultisols

Ultisols, also known as red clay soils, are one of twelve soil orders in the U.S. soil taxonomy. They are defined by the accumulation of weathered clay minerals in the B horizon, and are typically found in humid temperate or tropical regions.

Characteristics

Ultisols are characterized by a subsurface horizon, known as the argillic horizon, where clay has accumulated. This clay accumulation results in a high cation-exchange capacity, allowing the soil to retain and supply nutrients to plants. However, ultisols are often naturally low in fertility due to leaching from heavy rainfall, which can remove nutrients from the soil.

Distribution

Ultisols are found in humid temperate or tropical regions, including the southeastern United States, South America, Africa, and Asia. They cover approximately 8.1% of the global ice-free land area.

Use and Management

Despite their natural low fertility, ultisols can be highly productive with proper management, including the use of fertilizers and lime to adjust soil pH. They are used for a wide range of purposes, including agriculture, forestry, and wildlife habitats.

See Also

• Alfisols
• Inceptisols
• Mollisols
• Spodosols

Ultisols Resources
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