Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation
Use of ultraviolet light to kill or inactivate microorganisms
Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) is a disinfection method that uses short-wavelength ultraviolet (UV-C) light to kill or inactivate microorganisms by destroying nucleic acids and disrupting their DNA, leaving them unable to perform vital cellular functions. UVGI is used in a variety of applications, such as food, air, and water purification.
Mechanism of action[edit | edit source]
UVGI utilizes ultraviolet light in the UV-C range, typically between 200 and 280 nanometers. This range is effective in breaking down the DNA of microorganisms, rendering them harmless. The effectiveness of UVGI depends on the intensity and duration of exposure, as well as the wavelength of the UV light.
Applications[edit | edit source]
Air disinfection[edit | edit source]
UVGI is used in HVAC systems to disinfect air. It is particularly useful in healthcare settings to reduce the spread of airborne pathogens. UV lamps are installed in the ducts or mounted in the upper room of a space to continuously disinfect the air as it circulates.
Water disinfection[edit | edit source]
UVGI is widely used in water treatment facilities to disinfect drinking water. It is effective against a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. UV water purification systems are also available for home use.
Surface disinfection[edit | edit source]
UVGI can be used to disinfect surfaces in laboratories, hospitals, and other settings where sterilization is critical. Portable UV devices are available for disinfecting surfaces in homes and offices.
Food and beverage industry[edit | edit source]
In the food industry, UVGI is used to disinfect surfaces and equipment, as well as to extend the shelf life of products by reducing microbial load.
Advantages and limitations[edit | edit source]
UVGI is a chemical-free disinfection method that does not leave residues. It is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. However, it requires direct exposure to the UV light, and its effectiveness can be reduced by dust, dirt, or other obstructions. UVGI does not remove particles from air or water, so it is often used in conjunction with filtration systems.
Safety[edit | edit source]
Exposure to UV-C light can be harmful to skin and eyes. Proper shielding and safety measures are necessary to protect users from exposure. UVGI systems are designed to minimize exposure risk.
Related pages[edit | edit source]
Gallery[edit | edit source]
UV disinfection in a laminar flow cabinet
Germicidal effectiveness curve for UVC LEDs
ISO 7010 safety sign for UV radiation
A portable UV water purifier in use
Cutaway model of a UV disinfection unit
Germicidal effectiveness for low-pressure and medium-pressure mercury lamps
A germicidal lamp
A UVC LED
References[edit | edit source]
UVC LED germicidal effectiveness curve
ISO 7010 W027
Steripen in use
Cutaway model of UV disinfection unit used in NEWater water treatment plants
Germicidal Effectiveness for LP & MP mercury lamp
UVC LED
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