Umbilicus rupestris

Umbilicus rupestris, commonly known as the navelwort or wall pennywort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae. It is native to many parts of Europe, from the British Isles to the Mediterranean, and is characterized by its succulent, rounded to oval leaves and bell-shaped, greenish flowers. This perennial plant is often found in rocky areas, walls, and cliffs, thriving in moist, shaded environments. The name "Umbilicus" derives from the Latin for "navel," referring to the navel-like depression in the center of the leaf, while "rupestris" indicates its common habitat among rocks.

Description

Umbilicus rupestris is a perennial herb that grows to a height of 10-30 cm. Its leaves are succulent, forming a basal rosette, with a distinctive navel-like depression in the center. The leaves are typically 2-6 cm in diameter. The flowering stems are erect, bearing numerous small, bell-shaped flowers that are greenish or sometimes reddish at the tips. The flowers bloom from May to August, depending on the geographical location.

Habitat and Distribution

Umbilicus rupestris is widely distributed across Europe, favoring temperate climates. It is commonly found growing in the crevices of moist, shaded rocks and walls, particularly in limestone areas. Its ability to retain water allows it to survive in various challenging environments, from sea cliffs to mountainous regions.

Cultivation and Uses

While not commonly cultivated, Umbilicus rupestris can be grown in gardens as an ornamental plant, especially in rock gardens or alpine collections. It prefers well-drained, moist soil and partial shade. In traditional medicine, Umbilicus rupestris has been used for its purported anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties, although scientific evidence supporting these uses is limited.

Conservation

Umbilicus rupestris is not currently listed as endangered or vulnerable. However, like many wild plants, it faces threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change. Conservation efforts are important to ensure its survival, particularly in areas where its natural habitats are being reduced.

See Also

• Crassulaceae
• Perennial plant
• Traditional medicine