Urmia

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  Urmia

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  Urmia

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  Jame Mosque of Urmia

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  Nane Maryam Church

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  Marsargiz Church

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  Awaiting the Shah, 1911

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  Fruit Market, 1911

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  Armenian and Assyrian refugees, 1918

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  Old Church of Urmia

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  Church of Saint Mary

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  Mar Toma Church

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  Ashiqs in Tabriz

Urmia

Urmia is a city in northwestern Iran and the capital of West Azerbaijan Province. It is situated near the Urmia Lake, one of the largest saltwater lakes in the world. Urmia is known for its diverse population and rich cultural heritage.

Geography

Urmia is located in a fertile plain, surrounded by mountains and the Urmia Lake. The city has a continental climate, with cold winters and hot summers. The proximity to the lake influences the local climate, providing a moderating effect on temperature extremes.

History

Urmia has a long and varied history, with evidence of settlement dating back to the Bronze Age. It has been a crossroads for various civilizations, including the Assyrians, Persians, and Ottomans. The city was historically known as a center for Christianity in the region, with a significant Assyrian population.

Ancient Period

In ancient times, Urmia was part of the Mannaean kingdom and later came under the control of the Medes and Achaemenid Empire. The region was known for its strategic importance and fertile lands.

Medieval Period

During the medieval period, Urmia was part of the Seljuk Empire and later the Safavid Empire. It was a center of trade and culture, with influences from both the Islamic and Christian worlds.

Modern Period

In the 19th and 20th centuries, Urmia became a focal point for missionary activity, particularly by American and European missionaries. The city played a significant role during the World War I era, experiencing conflict and demographic changes.

Demographics

Urmia is known for its ethnic diversity, with significant populations of Azeris, Kurds, Assyrians, and Armenians. The city is a melting pot of cultures, languages, and religions, including Islam, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism.

Economy

The economy of Urmia is primarily based on agriculture, trade, and services. The fertile lands around the city support the cultivation of various crops, including grapes, apples, and tobacco. Urmia is also a commercial hub, with markets and bazaars that attract traders from across the region.

Education

Urmia is home to several educational institutions, including Urmia University, which offers a wide range of programs in sciences, humanities, and engineering. The city has a strong tradition of education and scholarship, with a focus on both modern and traditional fields of study.

Culture

The cultural life of Urmia is vibrant, with numerous festivals, music, and dance reflecting the city's diverse heritage. Traditional crafts, such as carpet weaving and pottery, are also important aspects of the local culture.

Transportation

Urmia is well-connected by road and air, with a regional airport providing flights to major cities in Iran. The city is a transportation hub, linking various parts of West Azerbaijan Province and neighboring regions.

Related pages

• Urmia Lake
• West Azerbaijan Province
• Azerbaijan (Iran)
• Assyrian people
• Iran