Uzbek

Uzbek is a Turkic language and the official language of Uzbekistan. It is spoken by the Uzbek people, who are the largest ethnic group in Central Asia. The language has more than 27 million native speakers in Uzbekistan and elsewhere in Central Asia.

History

The Uzbek language has its roots in the Chagatai language, which was widely spoken in Central Asia during the Middle Ages. The modern Uzbek language began to take shape in the 16th century and has been influenced by Persian, Arabic, and Russian.

Dialects

There are several dialects of Uzbek, including Karakalpak, which is spoken in the Karakalpakstan region of Uzbekistan, and Ferghana, which is spoken in the Ferghana Valley.

Writing system

Uzbek has been written in various scripts throughout its history. It was originally written in the Arabic script, but switched to the Latin script in the 1920s under Soviet rule. In the late 1940s, it was again switched to the Cyrillic script. Since 1993, a modified Latin script has been officially used, although the Cyrillic script is still widely used in everyday life.

Grammar

Uzbek grammar is characterized by a subject-object-verb word order, agglutination, and the use of postpositions. It has a rich system of morphology, including a complex system of noun declensions and verb conjugations.

Vocabulary

The vocabulary of Uzbek is largely Turkic in origin, but it has also borrowed extensively from Persian, Arabic, and Russian. In recent years, there has been an effort to purify the Uzbek language by replacing loanwords with native Turkic words.

Learning and teaching

Uzbek is taught in schools in Uzbekistan and is the medium of instruction in higher education. There are also opportunities to learn Uzbek abroad, with courses offered at universities and language schools in various countries.

See also

• Uzbekistan
• Uzbek people
• Turkic languages
• Chagatai language