Vaginal adenosis

Vaginal adenosis is a rare, benign (non-cancerous) condition in which the lining of the vagina is composed of glandular cells, rather than the usual squamous cells. These glandular cells are similar to those found in the lining of the uterus. This condition is most commonly seen in women who were exposed to the drug diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero, but it can also occur spontaneously.

Causes

The primary cause of vaginal adenosis is exposure to DES in utero. DES is a synthetic form of estrogen that was prescribed to pregnant women from the 1940s to the 1970s to prevent miscarriage. However, it was later discovered that this drug can cause a variety of health problems in the daughters of women who took it, including vaginal adenosis.

Symptoms

Many women with vaginal adenosis do not experience any symptoms. However, some may experience vaginal bleeding or discharge, or have visible red patches on the vaginal walls. In some cases, vaginal adenosis can lead to an increased risk of developing vaginal cancer.

Diagnosis

Vaginal adenosis is typically diagnosed through a pelvic examination and a biopsy of the vaginal tissue. The biopsy can confirm the presence of glandular cells in the vaginal lining.

Treatment

Treatment for vaginal adenosis is typically not necessary unless the condition is causing symptoms. In cases where treatment is needed, options may include surgery to remove the affected tissue, laser therapy, or cryotherapy (freezing the abnormal cells).

See also

• Diethylstilbestrol
• Vaginal cancer
• Pelvic examination
• Biopsy