Vaginal cysts

Vaginal cysts are closed pockets of air, fluid, or semi-solid material that develop along the vaginal lining. They are relatively common and can occur in women of all ages. The size of these cysts can vary, ranging from the size of a pea to that of an orange. Most vaginal cysts are benign and do not cause any symptoms, but some may cause discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse or when sitting or walking.

Types of Vaginal Cysts

There are several types of vaginal cysts, each with its own characteristics and potential causes. These include:

• Inclusion cysts: These are the most common type of vaginal cysts. They often occur as a result of an injury to the vaginal walls during childbirth or surgery.

• Gartner's duct cysts: These cysts develop when ducts present during fetal development do not disappear as they should after birth. They are usually discovered during a woman's reproductive years.

• Bartholin's gland cysts: These cysts occur when the Bartholin's glands, which are located on each side of the vaginal opening and produce lubrication, become blocked.

• Müllerian cysts: These are rare cysts that form from remnants of the Müllerian duct, which is involved in the development of the female reproductive system in the fetus.

Symptoms

Most vaginal cysts are asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause any symptoms. However, if the cyst grows large enough, it may cause discomfort or pain. Symptoms can include a lump or bump in the vagina, discomfort during sex, difficulty inserting tampons, or pain when sitting or walking.

Diagnosis

Vaginal cysts are typically diagnosed during a routine pelvic examination. If a cyst is found, further tests may be conducted to determine its type. These tests can include a biopsy, in which a small sample of the cyst is removed and examined under a microscope, or imaging tests such as an ultrasound or MRI.

Treatment

Treatment for vaginal cysts depends on the type of cyst, its size, and whether it is causing symptoms. Small, asymptomatic cysts may not require treatment. If a cyst is causing discomfort or pain, treatment options can include surgery, drainage, or medication.

See Also

• Ovarian cyst
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Endometriosis