Vascular access
Vascular Access[edit]
Vascular access refers to a means of accessing the bloodstream through the blood vessels, typically for medical procedures such as hemodialysis. It is a critical component in the management of patients with chronic kidney disease who require dialysis.
Types of Vascular Access[edit]
There are several types of vascular access used in dialysis:
Central Venous Catheters[edit]
Central venous catheters (CVCs) are often used for short-term access. They are inserted into a large vein, usually in the neck, chest, or groin. A common type of CVC used in dialysis is the Permacath, which is tunneled under the skin to reduce the risk of infection.
Arteriovenous Fistula[edit]
An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is created by surgically connecting an artery to a vein, usually in the arm. This connection allows for increased blood flow and is considered the best long-term option for dialysis access due to its lower risk of infection and clotting.
Arteriovenous Graft[edit]
An arteriovenous graft (AVG) involves using a synthetic tube to connect an artery to a vein. This option is used when a patient's veins are not suitable for creating a fistula. While AVGs can be used sooner after placement than AVFs, they have a higher risk of infection and clotting.
Complications[edit]
Complications associated with vascular access can include infection, clotting, and stenosis. Regular monitoring and maintenance are essential to ensure the functionality and longevity of the access.
Related Pages[edit]
References[edit]
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Vascular access
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Radiocephalic fistula
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Dialysis process
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Arteriovenous graft
