Occipitalis muscle

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The Occipitalis muscle is a muscle located at the back of the skull. It is part of the epicranius muscle group, which also includes the frontalis muscle. The occipitalis muscle plays a crucial role in the movement of the scalp.

Anatomy

The occipitalis muscle originates from the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the mastoid part of the temporal bone. It inserts into the galea aponeurotica, a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue that covers the upper part of the cranium.

Function

The primary function of the occipitalis muscle is to move the scalp back. This action is often coordinated with the frontalis muscle, which moves the scalp forward. Together, these muscles allow for the movement of the scalp, which can be important for facial expressions and other functions.

Innervation

The occipitalis muscle is innervated by the posterior auricular nerve, a branch of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). This nerve provides the necessary signals for the muscle to contract and perform its functions.

Blood Supply

The blood supply to the occipitalis muscle is primarily provided by the occipital artery, a branch of the external carotid artery. This artery ensures that the muscle receives the oxygen and nutrients it needs to function properly.

Clinical Significance

Dysfunction or injury to the occipitalis muscle can result in limited movement of the scalp and may affect facial expressions. Conditions such as tension headaches and occipital neuralgia can also involve the occipitalis muscle, leading to pain and discomfort in the back of the head.

See Also

• Frontalis muscle
• Epicranius
• Facial nerve
• Occipital bone
• Scalp