Ventrolateral medulla

The Ventrolateral Medulla (VLM) is a part of the Medulla oblongata, which is located in the Brainstem. The VLM plays a crucial role in the regulation of various autonomic functions, including blood pressure and respiration.

Structure

The Ventrolateral Medulla is located in the anterior portion of the medulla oblongata, adjacent to the pyramids. It contains several important nuclei, including the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM).

Function

The VLM is primarily involved in the regulation of autonomic functions. The RVLM contains neurons that are critical for the maintenance of blood pressure, while the CVLM contains neurons that inhibit the RVLM, thus playing a role in the regulation of blood pressure. The VLM also plays a role in the control of respiration, with certain neurons in the VLM being activated during inspiration and others during expiration.

Clinical significance

Damage to the Ventrolateral Medulla can result in a variety of conditions, including hypertension, respiratory failure, and sleep apnea. In addition, the VLM has been implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure and stroke.

See also

• Medulla oblongata
• Rostral ventrolateral medulla
• Caudal ventrolateral medulla