Vermiform

Vermiform appendix

The Vermiform appendix (or simply appendix) is a tube-shaped sac attached to the lower end of the large intestine. It is located in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. The appendix is considered a part of the gastrointestinal tract.

Anatomy

The appendix averages 10 cm in length, but can range from 2 to 20 cm. The diameter of the appendix is usually between 7 and 8 mm. The longest appendix ever removed measured 26 cm.

Function

The function of the appendix is not fully understood. It is considered to be a part of the immune system, with the inner lining of the appendix (known as the appendiceal mucosa) containing a high concentration of lymphoid follicles. These follicles produce antibodies which are part of the body's immune response.

Diseases

The most common disease of the appendix is appendicitis, which is an inflammation of the appendix. Appendicitis is a medical emergency that often requires removal of the appendix (appendectomy). If untreated, an inflamed appendix can rupture, leading to peritonitis and potentially sepsis.

See also

• Cecal appendix
• Appendectomy
• Appendicitis
• Gastrointestinal tract

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