White Anglo-Saxon Protestants

White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPs) are a social group of wealthy and influential American individuals of predominantly English descent, with a strong background in the Protestant faith, particularly the Episcopalian and Presbyterian denominations. The term WASP does not describe a race or ethnicity but rather a socio-economic and cultural elite with historical roots that trace back to the American colonial period. This group has played a significant role in American society, politics, and economy since the country's founding.

History

The origins of the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants can be traced to the early settlers of the Thirteen Colonies, who were primarily of English descent. These settlers, seeking religious freedom and economic opportunities, established a society that valued hard work, Protestant religious practices, and a close-knit community life. Over time, as these communities prospered, their descendants became part of the American upper class, maintaining their socio-economic status through education, business, and marriage within their social group.

Culture

WASP culture is characterized by a set of traditional values, including a strong work ethic, the importance of education, and a commitment to community service. This group has historically been associated with prestigious institutions, such as Ivy League universities, and influential sectors, such as finance, law, and politics. The social activities and networks of WASPs have also been marked by exclusivity, with membership in private clubs and participation in elite social events serving as common practices.

Influence

White Anglo-Saxon Protestants have had a profound impact on American society and governance. Many U.S. Presidents, Supreme Court Justices, and other political leaders have been WASPs, reflecting the group's long-standing influence in American politics. Additionally, WASPs have played a crucial role in the development of American education, philanthropy, and business, contributing to the country's economic growth and global standing.

Decline

Since the mid-20th century, the dominance of WASPs in American society has declined. Factors such as the increasing diversity of the U.S. population, changes in immigration laws, and the rise of meritocracy have contributed to this shift. While WASPs continue to hold positions of power and influence, the American elite has become more inclusive, reflecting a broader range of ethnic, racial, and religious backgrounds.

Controversy

The concept of White Anglo-Saxon Protestants as a privileged social class has been a subject of debate and criticism. Critics argue that the emphasis on WASP culture and values has contributed to social inequality and exclusion of non-WASP groups from economic and political power. The term "WASP" itself has sometimes been used in a pejorative sense to highlight issues of elitism and exclusion.

See Also

• American upper class
• Social class in the United States
• Protestant work ethic
• Ivy League