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Virulent Newcastle disease (vND), also known as Newcastle disease or ND, is a highly contagious and deadly viral disease that affects a wide variety of bird species. The disease is caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a member of the genus Avulavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae.

Symptoms

The symptoms of vND can vary widely depending on the strain of the virus, the species and age of the bird, and the bird's immune status. Common symptoms include respiratory distress, nervous signs, digestive problems, and sudden death. In chickens, the disease can cause severe drops in egg production.

Transmission

vND is primarily spread through direct contact between healthy birds and the bodily discharges of infected birds. The virus can also be spread indirectly through contaminated feed, water, equipment, and human clothing.

Prevention and Control

Prevention and control of vND involves strict biosecurity measures, vaccination, and surveillance. In the event of an outbreak, infected and exposed birds are often culled to prevent the spread of the disease.

Impact

vND can have a significant economic impact on poultry industries due to the high mortality rates and drops in egg production associated with the disease. The disease can also have a significant impact on backyard poultry and pet birds.

See Also

• Avian influenza
• Bird diseases
• Poultry farming

References

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