Bromfenac

Bromfenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is primarily used in ophthalmology to treat postoperative inflammation and reduce pain in patients who have undergone cataract surgery. Bromfenac works by inhibiting the action of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins, substances that mediate inflammation and pain.

Pharmacology

Bromfenac is a potent inhibitor of the COX enzymes, with a slightly higher selectivity for COX-2 over COX-1. The inhibition of these enzymes leads to a decrease in the production of prostaglandins, which are key mediators of inflammation and pain. By reducing the levels of prostaglandins, bromfenac effectively reduces inflammation and alleviates pain.

Indications

The primary indication for bromfenac is the treatment of postoperative inflammation and pain in patients who have undergone cataract surgery. It is administered as an ophthalmic solution. Bromfenac may also be used for other conditions as determined by a healthcare provider.

Dosage and Administration

Bromfenac is available as an ophthalmic solution, typically in a concentration of 0.07% or 0.09%. The recommended dosage for the treatment of postoperative inflammation and pain following cataract surgery is one drop in the affected eye(s) twice daily, beginning 24 hours after surgery and continuing for the first 14 days postoperatively.

Side Effects

Common side effects of bromfenac include:

• Eye irritation
• Mild to moderate eye pain
• Redness
• Headache

Serious side effects are rare but may include:

• Increased eye pressure
• Corneal damage
• Hypersensitivity reactions

Patients should be advised to report any severe or persistent side effects to their healthcare provider.

Contraindications

Bromfenac is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to bromfenac, other NSAIDs, or any component of the formulation. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to NSAIDs.

Drug Interactions

Bromfenac may interact with other medications, including other topical ophthalmic medications. It is important to inform the healthcare provider of all medications being used, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements, to avoid potential drug interactions.

Precautions

Patients using bromfenac should be monitored for signs of increased eye pressure and corneal damage. The use of contact lenses is not recommended during treatment with bromfenac ophthalmic solution.

Pharmacokinetics

Bromfenac is rapidly absorbed through the cornea and reaches peak concentrations in the aqueous humor. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily in the urine.

Conclusion

Bromfenac is an effective NSAID for the treatment of postoperative inflammation and pain following cataract surgery. Its use should be guided by a healthcare provider, with consideration given to potential side effects, contraindications, and drug interactions.