Xiphinema rivesi

Xiphinema rivesi is a species of nematode belonging to the family Longidoridae. It is commonly known as the Dagger nematode due to its elongated, dagger-like shape. This nematode is a significant plant pathogen, causing damage to a wide range of crops worldwide.

Taxonomy

The genus Xiphinema is part of the family Longidoridae, which is a group of nematodes known for their long bodies and needle-like stylets. Xiphinema rivesi is one of the many species within this genus.

Morphology

Xiphinema rivesi is characterized by its long, slender body and a stylet that resembles a dagger. The body length of adult females ranges from 2.5 to 4.5 mm, while males are slightly smaller. The stylet, used for feeding, is robust and measures around 100-110 µm in length.

Distribution

Xiphinema rivesi has a wide geographical distribution. It is found in various parts of the world, including Europe, North America, and Asia. It is particularly prevalent in regions with temperate climates.

Ecology

Xiphinema rivesi is a soil-dwelling nematode that feeds on the roots of various plant species. It is a ectoparasite, meaning it remains outside the host plant while feeding. The nematode is known to transmit plant viruses, particularly the Tomato black ring virus (TBRV) and the Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV).

Economic Impact

As a plant pathogen, Xiphinema rivesi poses a significant threat to agriculture. It affects a wide range of crops, including grapevines, tomatoes, and strawberries. The nematode causes direct damage by feeding on plant roots, and indirect damage by transmitting viruses.

Management

Control of Xiphinema rivesi involves a combination of cultural practices, biological control, and chemical treatments. Crop rotation, use of resistant varieties, and soil fumigation are among the strategies used to manage this nematode.

See Also

• Nematode
• Plant Pathology
• Longidoridae

References

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