Xylaria polymorpha

Xylaria Polymorpha is a species of fungus in the family Xylariaceae, also known as dead man's fingers, stags' horns, or candlestick fungus. It is a common saprophyte, often found growing from the bases of rotting or injured tree stumps and decaying wood.

Taxonomy

The species was first described scientifically by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1794. The genus name Xylaria derives from the Greek word 'xylon', meaning 'wood', referring to the habitat where these fungi are commonly found. The species name polymorpha refers to the variable shape of its fruit bodies.

Description

The fruit bodies of Xylaria Polymorpha are club-shaped or cylindrical, and can grow up to 10 cm tall. They are typically dark brown to black, and have a rough, pitted surface. The interior of the fruit body is white and becomes powdery as the spores mature.

Habitat and distribution

Xylaria Polymorpha is widely distributed in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It is commonly found in forests, particularly on hardwood stumps and logs. It plays a crucial role in wood decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems.

Uses

While not generally considered edible due to its tough texture and bitter taste, Xylaria Polymorpha has been used in traditional medicine in some cultures. It has also been studied for its potential antimicrobial and anticancer properties.

See also

• List of Xylaria species
• Fungi of Europe