Yonne

Carte de l'Yonne

1240-Auxerre

Léglise Saint-Maurice et lYonne à Sens (2637691088)

Avallon-Tour de l'Horloge depuis la place de la Collégiale Saint-Lazare

2012-DSC 0335-Villeneuve-sur-Yonne-Porte-de-Joigny

Château de Guédelon (juillet 2009)

Yonne is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of north-central France. Named after the Yonne River, it is one of the eight departments in the region and is designated by the departmental code 89. The prefecture (capital) of Yonne is Auxerre, which is also the largest city within the department. Other significant towns include Sens, Joigny, and Avallon. Yonne is known for its rich history, cultural heritage, and natural beauty, making it a notable area within the Burgundy wine region.

Geography

Yonne is characterized by its varied landscapes, including vineyards, forests, and rivers. The department is bordered by Aube to the north, Côte-d'Or to the east, Nièvre to the south, and Loiret and Seine-et-Marne to the west. The Yonne River, a tributary of the Seine River, flows through the department and plays a crucial role in its agriculture, tourism, and hydrology.

History

The area now known as Yonne has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with evidence of Gallo-Roman settlements. During the Middle Ages, it was a contested region due to its strategic location. The department was officially created on March 4, 1790, during the French Revolution, from parts of the provinces of Île-de-France, Burgundy, and Champagne.

Economy

Yonne's economy is diverse, with agriculture playing a significant role. The department is renowned for its wine production, particularly Chablis, a dry white wine made from Chardonnay grapes. Apart from viticulture, Yonne is also involved in cereal farming, livestock raising, and tourism. The presence of historical sites, natural parks, and the famous Burgundy Canal attract numerous visitors each year.

Culture

Yonne boasts a rich cultural heritage, with numerous historical monuments, including the Cathedral of Saint-Étienne in Sens, one of the first Gothic cathedrals in France. The area is also known for its culinary traditions, particularly its contribution to Burgundy cuisine, which includes dishes like coq au vin and beef bourguignon.

Administration

The department is administered by the Departmental Council of Yonne, which is responsible for local governance and administration. Yonne is divided into three arrondissements (Auxerre, Avallon, and Sens), 21 cantons, and 423 communes.

Demographics

As of the latest census, Yonne has a population of approximately 340,000 residents. The demographic distribution is relatively balanced, with a mix of urban and rural populations. The department has experienced slight demographic changes over the years, with some rural areas facing depopulation while urban centers like Auxerre and Sens have grown.

Transportation

Yonne is well-connected by a network of roads, including the A6 motorway, which links Paris to Lyon. The department also benefits from the Paris-Lyon high-speed train (TGV) line, with stations in Sens and Montbard, providing efficient access to major French cities. Additionally, water transport is facilitated by the Yonne River and the Burgundy Canal, which are used for both commercial and recreational purposes.

Conclusion

Yonne is a department that embodies the historical, cultural, and natural richness of the Burgundy region. With its scenic landscapes, architectural heritage, and vibrant economy, Yonne offers a unique glimpse into the heart of France.