1-propanol

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An alcohol with the chemical formula C₃H₈O


1-propanol - - - - - -
Data sourced from verified databases


1-Propanol, also known as n-propanol or n-propyl alcohol, is a primary alcohol with the chemical formula C₃H₈O. It is a colorless liquid with a mild, alcoholic odor. 1-Propanol is used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, in the manufacture of cosmetics, and as a chemical intermediate.

Structure and Properties[edit | edit source]

1-Propanol is a straight-chain alcohol with the hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the first carbon of the three-carbon chain. This structure classifies it as a primary alcohol. The molecular structure can be represented as CH₃CH₂CH₂OH.

The physical properties of 1-propanol include a melting point of −126 °C and a boiling point of 97 °C. It has a density of 0.803 g/cm³ and is miscible with water, which means it can dissolve in water in any proportion.

Production[edit | edit source]

1-Propanol is produced industrially by the catalytic hydrogenation of propionaldehyde, which is derived from the hydroformylation of ethylene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Applications[edit | edit source]

1-Propanol is used in various applications:

  • As a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry for the preparation of medicines and drugs.
  • In the manufacture of cosmetics, where it is used as a solvent and as an antiseptic.
  • As a chemical intermediate in the production of other chemicals such as propylene glycol.
  • In the formulation of paints and coatings.

Safety and Toxicity[edit | edit source]

1-Propanol is flammable and should be handled with care. It can cause irritation to the eyes and skin upon contact. Inhalation of its vapors can lead to respiratory tract irritation and central nervous system effects such as dizziness and headache. It is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment when handling 1-propanol.

Also see[edit | edit source]




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