16-ketoestradiol

16-Ketoestradiol is a metabolite of estradiol, one of the three main estrogens produced in the human body. It is formed in the liver through the process of hydroxylation, a chemical reaction that introduces a hydroxyl group into an organic compound.

Structure and Properties

16-Ketoestradiol, also known as Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16,17-triol, has a molecular formula of C18H24O3. It is a steroid hormone, meaning it is derived from cholesterol. The structure of 16-ketoestradiol includes three hydroxyl groups and a ketone group, which is where the "keto" in its name comes from.

Biological Role

The biological role of 16-ketoestradiol is not fully understood. However, it is known to be a metabolite of estradiol, which is the most potent of the three main estrogens and plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and development of secondary sexual characteristics in females.

Metabolism

16-Ketoestradiol is formed in the liver through the process of hydroxylation, which is catalyzed by the enzyme cytochrome P450. This enzyme is responsible for the oxidation of organic substances in the body, including the conversion of estradiol to 16-ketoestradiol.

Research and Clinical Significance

Research into 16-ketoestradiol is ongoing, with studies investigating its potential role in various health conditions. Some research suggests that it may have anti-inflammatory properties, while other studies are exploring its potential role in breast cancer and other estrogen-dependent cancers.

See Also

• Estradiol
• Estrogen
• Cytochrome P450
• Steroid hormone
• Hydroxylation