1962 Mexico City radiation accident

Radiation accident in Mexico City in 1962

The 1962 Mexico City radiation accident was a significant radiation accident that occurred in Mexico City, Mexico, involving a cobalt-60 teletherapy source. This incident resulted in severe radiation exposure to several individuals and highlighted the dangers associated with improper handling of radioactive materials.

Background

A typical teletherapy capsule similar to the one involved in the accident.

In the early 1960s, radiotherapy was a common treatment for cancer and other diseases, utilizing high-energy radiation to destroy tumor cells. Cobalt-60, a radioactive isotope, was frequently used in teletherapy machines due to its ability to emit gamma rays. These machines were designed to focus radiation on specific areas of the body, minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissues.

The Accident

The accident occurred when a cobalt-60 teletherapy source was improperly handled during maintenance. The source, which was housed in a protective capsule, was removed from its shielding without adequate safety precautions. This led to the exposure of several individuals to high levels of radiation.

Sequence of Events

The incident began when a technician attempted to repair the teletherapy unit. Unaware of the proper procedures, the technician removed the cobalt-60 source from its shielded container. The source was left exposed in a public area, resulting in significant radiation exposure to anyone in the vicinity.

Immediate Consequences

Several individuals, including the technician and nearby workers, received high doses of radiation. Symptoms of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) began to manifest, including nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. The severity of exposure varied among individuals, depending on their proximity to the source and the duration of exposure.

Health Effects

The health effects of the radiation exposure were severe for those directly involved. Acute radiation syndrome affected several individuals, leading to long-term health complications. Some of the exposed individuals required extensive medical treatment, including bone marrow transplants, to manage the effects of radiation.

Response and Investigation

The incident prompted an immediate response from local health authorities and international organizations. An investigation was launched to determine the cause of the accident and to implement measures to prevent future occurrences. The investigation revealed significant lapses in safety protocols and training, leading to recommendations for improved handling and storage of radioactive materials.

Impact and Legacy

The 1962 Mexico City radiation accident had a lasting impact on radiation safety protocols worldwide. It underscored the importance of proper training and safety measures when handling radioactive materials. The incident also contributed to the development of more stringent regulations and guidelines for the use of radioactive sources in medical and industrial applications.

Related pages

• Radiation accident
• Cobalt-60
• Radiotherapy
• Acute radiation syndrome