Mexico

File:Himno Nacional Mexicano instrumental.ogg

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MEX orthographic

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Mexico states map w names

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Off-center view of Pyramid of the Sun from Pyramid of the Moon, Teotihuacan

Chichen Itza 3

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Painting of Tenochtitlan-Tlatelolco on Lake Texcoco (9755215791)

== Mexico ==

Flag of Mexico

Coat of arms of Mexico

Mexico (officially the United Mexican States) is a country in the southern part of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Mexico covers 1,972,550 square kilometers (761,610 sq mi), making it the world's 13th-largest country by area; with approximately 126,014,024 inhabitants, it is the 10th-most-populous country and has the most Spanish-speakers.

History

The history of Mexico is rich and complex, with evidence of human habitation dating back to 8,000 BC. The region was home to many advanced civilizations, including the Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, and Aztec empires. The Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521 marked the beginning of a 300-year colonial period, during which Mexico was known as New Spain. Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821, following the Mexican War of Independence.

Government and Politics

Mexico is a federal republic composed of 31 states and Mexico City, its capital. The government is based on a presidential system, with a president serving as both head of state and head of government. The political system is characterized by a multi-party system, with the Institutional Revolutionary Party, National Action Party, and Party of the Democratic Revolution being the major political parties.

Geography

Mexico is known for its diverse geography, which includes deserts, mountains, and tropical rainforests. The country is divided into several distinct regions, including the Baja California Peninsula, the Yucatán Peninsula, and the Sierra Madre mountain ranges. The Rio Grande forms part of the border with the United States.

Economy

Mexico has a mixed economy, with both modern industrial and agricultural sectors. It is the 15th-largest economy in the world by nominal GDP. Major industries include automobile manufacturing, oil production, and tourism. Mexico is a member of various international organizations, including the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the G20.

Culture

Mexican culture is a blend of indigenous and Spanish influences, with significant contributions from other cultures. The country is known for its rich traditions in music, dance, art, and cuisine. Notable cultural symbols include mariachi music, Day of the Dead celebrations, and traditional dishes like tacos and mole sauce.

Demographics

Mexico is a diverse country with a population that includes a variety of ethnic groups. The majority of Mexicans are Mestizo, a mix of indigenous and European ancestry. There are also significant populations of indigenous peoples, as well as communities of European, African, and Asian descent.

Education

Education in Mexico is overseen by the Secretariat of Public Education. The country has a literacy rate of around 94.86%. Higher education institutions include the National Autonomous University of Mexico and the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education.

Health

Mexico has a mixed healthcare system, with both public and private providers. The public system is managed by the Mexican Social Security Institute and the Institute for Social Security and Services for State Workers. Health challenges include issues related to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.

Related Pages

• History of Mexico
• Geography of Mexico
• Economy of Mexico
• Culture of Mexico
• Demographics of Mexico
• Education in Mexico
• Health in Mexico