2019–20 Hong Kong protests

2019–20 Hong Kong protests
Part of the Hong Kong–Mainland China conflict
File:Hong Kong protests collage.jpg Clockwise from top: Protesters in Admiralty, a protester with a gas mask, a protester waving the Hong Kong flag, and a protester with a sign
Date	9 June 2019 – 2020
Location	Hong Kong
Caused by	Proposed extradition bill * Perceived erosion of Hong Kong's autonomy
Goals	Withdrawal of the extradition bill * Investigation into police conduct * Universal suffrage
Methods	Demonstrations * Civil disobedience * Strikes
Status	Ongoing
Lead figures
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Units involved
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The 2019–20 Hong Kong protests were a series of demonstrations in Hong Kong that began in June 2019. The protests were initially triggered by the introduction of the extradition bill, which would have allowed for the extradition of criminal suspects to mainland China. This raised concerns over the erosion of the "one country, two systems" principle and the potential for increased influence of the People's Republic of China over Hong Kong's legal system.

Background

Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region of China, has enjoyed a high degree of autonomy under the "one country, two systems" framework since its handover from the United Kingdom to China in 1997. However, many residents have expressed concerns over the increasing influence of the Chinese government in Hong Kong's affairs, fearing a loss of freedoms and rights.

Timeline of Events

June 2019

The protests began on 9 June 2019, when over a million people marched in opposition to the extradition bill. The protests escalated on 12 June, when police used tear gas and rubber bullets against demonstrators.

July 2019

On 1 July, protesters stormed the Legislative Council building, marking a significant escalation in the protests. The government suspended the bill, but protests continued, demanding its full withdrawal.

August 2019

Protests continued throughout the summer, with large-scale demonstrations and clashes with police. The airport was occupied by protesters, leading to flight cancellations.

September 2019

On 4 September, Carrie Lam, the Chief Executive of Hong Kong, announced the formal withdrawal of the extradition bill. However, protests continued, with demands for an independent inquiry into police conduct and universal suffrage.

Demands of the Protesters

The protesters' demands evolved over time, becoming known as the "Five Demands":

1. Full withdrawal of the extradition bill
2. Retraction of the "riot" characterization
3. Release of arrested protesters
4. Independent inquiry into police conduct
5. Universal suffrage for the election of the Chief Executive and Legislative Council

International Reactions

The protests drew significant international attention, with various governments and organizations expressing concern over the situation in Hong Kong. The United States and United Kingdom were among those calling for restraint and dialogue.

Impact

The protests have had a profound impact on Hong Kong society, affecting its economy, international relations, and social fabric. The movement has also inspired similar protests in other regions.

Also see

• Umbrella Movement
• Hong Kong Basic Law
• One country, two systems
• 2014 Hong Kong protests