3-Iodothyronamine
A derivative of the thyroid hormone thyroxine
3-Iodothyronamine (T1AM) is a derivative of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4). It is an endogenous biogenic amine that has been identified as a novel signaling molecule with distinct physiological effects.
Structure and Synthesis[edit | edit source]
3-Iodothyronamine is structurally related to the thyroid hormones, but it differs by the presence of an iodine atom and an amine group. It is synthesized from thyroxine through a series of enzymatic reactions that involve the removal of the carboxyl group and the phenolic hydroxyl group.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
3-Iodothyronamine acts primarily through the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Activation of TAAR1 by T1AM leads to various intracellular signaling cascades, which can influence metabolism, thermoregulation, and cardiovascular function.
Physiological Effects[edit | edit source]
T1AM has been shown to have several physiological effects, including:
- Metabolic Regulation: T1AM can induce a hypometabolic state, characterized by decreased body temperature and oxygen consumption.
- Cardiovascular Effects: It can influence heart rate and blood pressure, often causing a decrease in heart rate (bradycardia).
- Neurological Effects: T1AM has been implicated in modulating neurotransmitter systems, potentially affecting mood and behavior.
Potential Therapeutic Applications[edit | edit source]
Due to its unique effects on metabolism and cardiovascular function, 3-Iodothyronamine is being investigated for potential therapeutic applications in conditions such as obesity, heart failure, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Research and Development[edit | edit source]
Research on 3-Iodothyronamine is ongoing, with studies focusing on its role in endocrinology, its potential as a therapeutic agent, and its broader implications in physiology.
Related pages[edit | edit source]
Gallery[edit | edit source]
Chemical structure of 3-Iodothyronamine
3D ball-and-stick model of 3-Iodothyronamine
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
